[Related factors with academic burnout in nursing and paramedics students of Qom university of medical sciences in 2014]

Introduction: Academic burnout is the feeling of inadequacy and mental fatigue induced by chronic stress in students lacking the necessary resources to carry out their duties and tasks assigned to them. This study was conducted to determine the status of academic burnout and related factors

Method: In this cross-sectional study 264 students at nursing, anesthesia, operating room and medical emergencies were randomly selected. Demographic information - Education and Academic burnout was used to collect data. Reliability and validity of the scale was determined with Cronbach's. After entering data into SPSS version 16, we used descriptive statistics and logistic regression

Results: Mean [ +/- SD] score of the academic burnout of students participated in the study was [28.52 +/- 15.84] and overall 24.1% and 46.6% of students had high and moderate level of academic burnout respectively. Based on the results obtained from multivariate GPA [grade point average] in emotional exhaustion [OR:0.75 95%CI:0.58-0.96] and cynicism subscales [OR:0.73 95%CI:0.56-0.96] were significantly related to academic burnout and in inefficacy subscale GPA[OR:0.68 95%CI:0.5-0.92], residing at personal home [OR:4.10 95%CI:1.27-13.20] and studying anesthesiology [OR:3.19 95%CI:1.12-9.10] were significantly related to academic burnout [P<0.05]

Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study a significant percentage of students were experiencing academic burnout. GPA had a protection role against academic burnout and studying anesthesia and living in your own home were risk factors for academic burnout. GPA scores for the two subscales were significantly related to emotional exhaustion and doubts, therefore planning to improve academic burnout can improve the academic performance of the students

[Spiritual well-being and religious coping strategies among hemodialysis patients]

Spiritual wellbeing and religious activities have been known as important sources to cope with chronic disease induced problems. The aim of this study was to determine the spiritual wellbeing status and religious coping among hemodialysis patients. In this descriptive and analytical study, 95 hemodialysis patients from Qom Kamkar-Arabnia and Valiasr hospitals were selected via convenience sampling methods. Ellison and Paloutzian spiritual wellbeing scale and Pargament religious coping scale were used as date gathering tools. Data analysis was done in SPSS v.16 software environment with descriptive statistical tests, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test and one way ANOVA. In all tests, level of significance was considered less than 0.05. Mean and standard deviations of spiritual wellbeing, positive and negative religious coping scores were 91.98 +/- 15.09, 23.38 +/- 4.17 and 11.46 +/- 4.34 respectively. 52.6 percent of patients had higher than mean score in spiritual wellbeing scale. 53.6 percent of patients showed higher than mean score in positive religious coping and the portion about negative religious coping was 37.9 percent. Spiritual wellbeing had significant correlation with positive religious coping [r=0.463, P<0.001] and There were no reveres significant correlations between spiritual wellbeing and negative religious ones [r=-0.430, P<0.001]. There was no significant difference between two genders in spiritual wellbeing status and religious coping. With age increasing, the spiritual wellbeing score increased and this relation was statistically significant [r=0.326, P<0.01]. Our finding indicated that spiritual wellbeing of hemodialysis patients was in partially favorite level and according to the positive effect of efficient religious coping strategies, focuses on religious coping reinforcement in routine patients care, and could improve spiritual wellbeing and psychological aspect of life quality

[ relationship between caregiver burden with coping strategies in Family caregivers of cancer patients]

Cancer is one of the most common chronic diseases whose caregivers are confronted with related problems to caring and treating the cancer patients. Caregiver burden, which is resulted from the negative impact of living with the cancer patient along with inappropriate use of coping strategies, which could lead to rejection diagnosis, can be accounted as the reasons of why the treatment and health would be impaired. The present study was aimed to determine the relationship between caregiver burden and coping strategies of caregivers of cancer patients. In this cross-sectional study, 133 caregivers of cancer patients who referred to Gorgon's 5[th] Azar Educative and Therapeutic Center were selected via Census sampling method. Data were gathered by three-part questionnaire, including demographics checklist, caregiver burden and coping strategies questionnaire. In order to analyze the collected data, SPSS V. 16 software with descriptive statistics was applied; also, the analysis of variance and logistic regression were conducted. In addition, statistical significance was defined as p< 0.05. Findings showed that mean and standard deviation of caregivers' age was 35.73 +/- 14.31. And, 50.4% of all the participants were male. Based on the results taken from multivariate model of logistic regression, high care demand [OR=0.403,%95 CI: 0.227 - 0.714] and higher rate of emotional coping strategies use [OR=1.09,%95CI: 1.04 - 1.15] have significant correlation with caregiver burden. Based on our findings, the using of emotion-focused coping strategies among caregivers and caring needs of patient, lead to increase care burden, therefore beside of patient empowerment, could be educated efficient coping strategies for caregiver's burden reduction

[ effect of poetry reading group on social behaviors of schizophrenic patient]

Schizophrenia is one the complex psychiatric disorders that have many negative effect in patients' social functions and behaviors. Although the antipsychotic drugs are main treatments for this disorder, but psychological interventions are effective in improvement of clinical symptoms. The purpose of the present study was to test the effectiveness of poetry reading group on social behaviors of schizophrenic patient. In this clinical trail 29 schizophrenic patients were selected via convenience sampling and then, subjects were randomly assigned to poetry therapy group [n=14] and control group [n=15]. For experimental group, poetry therapy was held in one hour session, twice weekly for 6 weeks. The Activity daily living Impairment scale [behavioral problems] was used as questioners. Statically analysis was done by t-test and paired t-test in SPSS14 statistical soft ware environment. Paired t-test showed significant decrease in behavioral problem of subject group patients after poetry therapy intervention [P<0.05]. There was no significant difference before and after intervention in control group [P>0.05]. After intervention we found significant differences between poetry reading group and control group [P<0.05]. The study confirmed the effectiveness of poetry reading group on social behaviors of schizophrenic patient

[To compare dialysis adequacy in patient's that referred to Golestan province hemodialysis centers]

Hemodialysis has been used as a replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal failure for several decades. Insufficient and low efficient hemodialysis increases the mortality rate in the patients. The aim of this study to compare the dialysis adequacy in patient's that referred to Golestan province hemodialysis centers. In this descriptive-comparative study 389 patients that have been underling permanent hemodialysis in eight hemodialysis centers of Golestan province were selected as census sampling method. Demographic date form [7 questions] patient registered dates in dossier according to study purpose [12 questions] were used as date gathering tools. Blood samples obtained before and after hemodialysis. Before starting hemodialysis and five minutes after pump stopping, arterial Blood urea nitrogen [BUN] was measured and then KT/V was calculated according to Daugirdas II formula. Statistical tests such chi-square, one way ANOVA and post hoc Analysis with Scheffe' test were used for data analyses in SPSS 13 environment. Mean of KT/V and URR in the eight hemodialysis centers of Golestan province were 1.33 and 63.22% respectively. Kalaleh hemodialysis center had highest level of KT/V [Mean=1.59] and Aghala hemodialysis center had lowest level of KT/V [Mean=1.03] and this difference was statistically significant [P<0.05]. There was statistically significant correlation between KT/V and hemodialysis time, venous and arterial needle distance, venoarterial needle direction and blood flow rate [P<0.05]. The study showed that, hemodialysis efficacy in this province is near to standard and it could be improved with some considerations such as increasing in hemodialysis time, venous and arterial needle distance and needle distance

Association between ABO blood groups and cardiovascular risk factors in general population of Golestan province, Iran

Cardiovascular disease [CVD] is a common cause of morbidity and mortality. The relationship between ABO blood groups and main risk factors of CVD is unknown. So this study was designed to investigate whether there is an association between ABO blood groups and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy population. In this cross-sectional study, risk factors screening for CVD on 2920 healthy individuals of Golestan province in 2005 were estimated by a questionnaire that aimed to extract information about age, sex, physical activity, smoking, blood group type, weight, height, blood pressure and family history of CVD. Data were analyzed with SPSS 13 and by using Chi Square and ANOVA tests. Out of the total number of 2920, 57.4% were male, 70% inactive, 14% smoker, 25% hypertensive, 23% obese, and 21% had family history of CVD with the mean age of 41.52 +/- 12.317. Blood groups O [32.9%], A [30.1%], B [23.3%] and AB [13.7%] were the most frequent ones, respectively. Amongst cardiac risk factors, it was only the frequency of family history of CVD that varies across different blood groups, and individuals with A blood group reported to have a more frequent family history of CVD as compared with other blood groups. These findings illustrate amongst cardiovascular risk factors only family history of CVD as having a significant correlation with ABO

[Association between life style and hypertension in rural population of Gorgan]

Introduction: Lifestyle refers to peoples' behavior and pattern that has affected their health. This aim of this study was to determine the association between lifestyle and hypertension in rural population in Gorgan

Material and methods: In this case-control study, 200 hypertensive subjects and 200 controls in Gorgan rural population were selected via two stage sampling method. Data was collected using a questionnaire consists of demographic questions [20 questions] and health promotion lifestyle profile questions [52 questions]. Lifestyle profile questions, contains total life style score and six dimensional physical activities of stress management, interpersonal communication skill, health responsibility, nutrition and spiritual growth. The content validity and reliability [Cronbach's alpha: 87%] of questionnaire was approved. Data were analyzed using Chi Square, T tests and Logistic regression in SPSS version 16. A P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant

Findings: The mean onset of hypertension was 53.2. Twelve percent of cases and 20.5% of controls were smokers. Also, 57% of cases and 51% of controls had family history of hypertension, 63% of cases and 61.1% controls had BMI of 25 that is higher than normal. In addition, Logistic regression test showed that the association between hypertension and total lifestyle score, physical activity, spiritual growth, interpersonal communication skill, stress management was statistically significant [P-value <0.05]. The results of T-Test showed that the association between health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal communication skill, stress management in case and control group was statistically significant [P-value <0.05]

Conclusion: The results showed that unhealthy behaviors particularly in nutrition, stress and physical activity has a relationship with hypertension; therefore it is necessary to implement educational programs for people in order to have a healthy life style and healthy behaviors